ARTARIA: Music publishers founded by C.F.Artaria(c.1770,Vienna).Published majority of Beethoven's
works pre1800 & a few later works.

BEETHOVEN,Caspar Anton Carl Van(1774-1815): Brother.Moved to Vienna in 1794.Cashier in a
bank.Assisted Beethoven in dealings with publishers.Father of Karl.

BEETHOVEN,Johann Van(c.1740-92): Father.Court Musician.

BEETHOVEN,Johanna Van(nee.Reiss)(1784-1868): Sister in law(married to Caspar)

BEETHOVEN,Karl Van(1806-58): Nephew.Enlisted in army.Married Karoline Naske in 1832.Had 5
children.

BEETHOVEN,Maria Magdalena Van(nee.Keverich)(1746-1787Jul17): Mother.

BEETHOVEN,Nikolaus Johann Van(1776-1848): Brother.Chemist.In 1808 he acquired a business at Linz &
another at Uffahr in 1816.Married Therese Obermayr in 1812.(She already had an illegitimate
daughter-Amalie.b.1807).In 1819 he retired a wealthy man to his estate at Gneixendorf(Nr.Kremms).

BIGOT,Marie(nee.Kleine)(1786-1820): Friend.Pianist & teacher.Married in 1804 Bigot de
Monogues(librarian to Count Razumovsky).Left Vienna in 1809 & settled in Paris.In 1816 Mendelsohnn was
one of her pupils. -/(1804-9)

BREITKOPF & HARTEL: Music publishers(founded in 1719 by B.C.Breitkopf).Published Major
Beethoven works Op.67-86.

BRENTANO,Antonia(nee.Von Birkenstock)(1780-1869): Friend.Married to Franz Brentano. -/(1810/14)

BRENTANO,Bettina(later,Von Arnim)(1785-1859): Friend.Friend of Goethe.Half sister of Franz
Brentano.After marriage moved to Berlin. -/(1810-12)

BREUNING,Eleonore("Lorchen")(Later,Wegeler)(1771-1841): Early friend.Lived in Coblenz.

BREUNING,Stephan Von(1774-1827): Close life long friend.Brother of Eleonore

BRUNSVIK,Josephine(1779-1821): Intimate friend.Married Count Joseph Deym in June 1799;he died in 1804.She left Vienna in 1808 & married Baron C.Von Staackelberg(1777-1841) in Feb 1810.Sister of Therese. -/(1799/1804-8)

BRUNSVIK,Count Von: Friend.Father of Josephine & Therese. -/(1799-1827)

CHERUBINI,Luigi(1760-1842): Composer.Born in Florence.Settled in Paris in 1788.Met Beethoven in
Vienna(1805).

CLEMENT,Franz: Violinist.Beethoven wrote the Violin concerto for him.

CLEMENTI,Muzio(1752-1832): Music publisher,pianist,composer.Born in Rome.Settled in England in
1810.

CZERNY,Carl(1791-1857): Pupil of Beethoven(1800-3).Became fine pianist & teacher.(Liszt amongst his pupils).

ERDODY,Countess Anna Marie(nee.Niczky)(1779-1837): Friend.Pianist.Gave private concerts in her
appartment in the Krugerstrasse.Beethoven had rooms there(1808/9).After 1820,the Erdody family left
Austria for good.

ERTMAN,Baroness Dorothea Von(nee.Graumann)(1781-1849): Friend. Fine pianist who had lessons from Beethoven in 1803.Left Vienna in 1824 with husband & settled in Milan.

FRIES,Count Moritz Von(1777-1826): Patron of artists.Director of Austrian bank.

GALITZIN,Prince Nikolai(1794-1860): Amateur cellist.Promoter of music in St.Petersburg.Commisioned last quartets.

GRILLPARZER,Franz(1791-1872): Friend.Poet.Nephew of Joseph Sonnleithner.Attempted to collaborate with Beethoven on libretto for an opera.Wrote Beethoven's funeral oration . -/(1804/5-27)

GLEICHENSTEIN,Baron Ignaz Von(1778-1828): Friend.Gifted cellist.Married Anna Malfatti in May
1811.Left Vienna in 1813,returned briefly in 1824 . -/ (1800-13/24)

GUICCIARDI,Countess Giulietta(1784-1856): Intimate friend,pupil.Married Count Gallenberg in
1803.Moved to Italy.Cousin of the Brunsviks & dedicatee of the "Moonlight" sonata. -/(1801-3)

HASLINGER,Tobias(1787-1842): Publisher.Born Zell am Zee.Came to Vienna in 1810.Partnership with S.Steiner in 1816. -/(1816-27)

HOFFMEISTER,Franz Anton(1754-1812): Publisher.Founded publishing firm with Ambross Kuhnel at Leipzig.This firm became C.F.Peters in 1813

HOLZ,Karl(1798-1858): Friend.Amateur violist. -/(1824-6)

KINSKY,Prince Ferdinand(1781-1812): Patron.One of the 3 guarantors of Beethoven's income after
1809.Died 0n Nov3 after fall from horse.

LICHNOWSKY,Prince Karl(1756-1814): Patron & friend.Pupil of Mozart.Brother of Count Moritz
Lichnowsky. -/(1794-1814)

LINKE,Joseph((1783-1837): Cellist in Razumovsky quartet.Closely associated with performances at
Countess Erdody's.

LOBKOWITZ,Prince Franz Joseph Von(?-1816): Patron.Had private orchestra which gave performances of Beethoven's works(including 1st performance of "Eroica" symphony.One of the guarantors of Beethoven's income after 1809. -/(1800-16)

MAEZEL,J.N(1772-1838): Inventor;"Automatic Panharmonicon",Metronome.Colaborated with Beethoven
with "Battle" symphony-resulted in legal dispute. -/(1812/13.,1817)

MALFATTI,Therese(1792-1851): Beethoven proposed to her,but she later married Baron Von Drosdick in June 1816.Her father owned estate at Modling.She was the niece of the physician Dr.Giovanni Malfatti(1775-1859)who treated Beethoven during his final illness.She was the possible recipient of "Fur elise".-/(1810)

MAXIMILLIAN,Franz(1756-1801): Patron.Youngest son of Empress Maria Theresa.Elector of Cologne (1784-94),until Napoleon invaded the Rhineland.

MOLLO,Tranquillo: Publisher.Partner in Artaria(1793-8).Mollo sold his own firm to relations in 1832.
-/(1799-1802)

MOSCHELES,Ignaz(1794-1870): Pianist & composer admired by Beethoven.Studied with Salieri in
Vienna.Settled in England in 1826.Died at Leipzig. -/(1808-27)

NEATE,Charles(1784-1877): Pianist.Helped found Philharmonic society in 1813.Visited Vienna
May1815-Feb1816.Invited Beethoven to London in 1824. -/(1815-27).

NEEFE,C.G.(1748-98): Teacher.Beethoven studied piano & Organ with him.Appointed court organist at Bonn(1781).Moved to Dessau in 1794.

PASQUALATI,Baron Johann(1777-1830): Friend.Art collector.Assisted Beethoven in legal matters.
-/(1800-27)

RAZUMOVSKY,Count Andreas(1752-1836): Friend & patron.Created Prince in 1815.Art collector.Russian ambassador to Vienna in 1792.In 1808 he established a string quartet consisting of
Schuppanzigh,Weiss,Kraft & Sina.It lasted until his palace on the Landstrasse burnt down on 31Dec
1814.Brother in law of Prince Lobkowitz.

RIES,Ferdinand(1784-1838): Pupil,friend.Son of Franz Ries(1755-1846)who had taught Beethoven violin at Bonn.Moved to England in 1813.Married in 1814 & returned to Bonn in 1824.Promoted publication of Beethoven's music in England. -/(1800-)

RUDOLPH,Archduke(1788-1831): Pupil,friend.Born at Florence.Son of Emperor Leopold II.Dedicatee of "Emperor" piano concerto & "Missa Solemnis". -/(1803-)

SALIERI,Antonnio(1750-1825):Opera composer. Gave Beethoven lessons in vocal composition.Came to Vienna in 1766.Intensely anti-German;worked against Mozart & possibly Beethoven as well.Died in an asylum,claiming that he had poisoned Mozart.

SCHINDLER,Anton(1795-1864): Friend,Secretary.Violist.Wrote inaccurate and unreliable biography of Beethoven. -/(1814-)

SCHLESINGER,Adolf Martin(1769-1839): Publisher,based in Berlin & Paris. -/(1820-)

SCHUPPANZIGH,Ignaz(1776-1830): Friend & violinist.Beethoven nicknamed him "Falstaff" owing to his size! Member of Razumovsky quartet. -/(1794-)

SCHENK,Johann(1754-1836): Teacher(counterpoint). -/(1793-5/1824)

SEBALD,Amalie(1787-1846): Friend.Singer born in Berlin.Married in 1815. -/(1812)

SMART,Sir George(1776-1867) :Musician.Member of philharmonic society in 1813.Met Beethoven in
Vienna(1825).Promoted Beethoven in England.

SONTAG,Henrietta(1806-54): Soprano.Soloist at first performance of Symphony No.9 on May7 1824.
-/(1822-)

STREICHER,Nanette(nee.Stein)(1769-1833): Friend.Daughter of piano maker,Johann Stein of
Augsburg.Child prodigy.Married Johann Streicher in 1794 & moved to Vienna,establishing a piano firm in
the Landstrasse. -/(1787-1827)

SPHOR,Louis(1784-1859): Composer/conductor. -/(1812-16)

THOMSON,George(1757-1851): Scottish folk song collector & editor.Based in Edinburgh,he commisioned
many composers including Beethoven to write accompaniments to songs he collected. -/(1803-18)

TREITSCHE.G.F.(1776-1842: Poet.Born at Leipzig.Came to Vienna in 1800.None of their plans for operas
matured,except for the revised Sonnleithner text of Fidelio for the 2nd revival on 23May 1814. -/(1811-15)

WEGELER,Franz Gerhard(1765-1848): Friend.Medical consultant born in Bonn.Married Elenore Breuning
in 1802.Studied medicine in Vienna. -/(1782-)

WALDSTEIN,Count Von(1762-1823): Patron.Persuaded Elector of Cologne to send Beethoven to Vienna
on his 2nd visit.Dedicatee of "Waldstein" sonata. -/(1790-1819)

ZMESKALL,Von Domanovacez,Nikolaus(1759-1833): Friend & amateur cellist.Introduced Beethoven to
aristocracy in Hungary. -/(1792-)
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